Simple answers about Scope 2, CBAM, and audit-ready emissions data

Voltfox is a next-generation carbon intelligence platform that dynamically calculates companies' Scope 2 emissions from electricity consumption using hourly and location-based data. Instead of relying only on static annual average emission factors, it matches electricity consumption to the exact hour it occurred and to the connected grid conditions at that time.

Because Voltfox goes beyond a standard emissions calculation tool. It brings facility data, electricity consumption, geographic location, real-time grid carbon intensity, and corporate reporting needs into one intelligent ecosystem. This gives companies a clearer, more transparent, and more strategic view of the operational dynamics that affect their emissions.

Voltfox is especially suitable for companies with high electricity consumption, companies managing multiple facilities, organizations preparing corporate sustainability reports, and exporters covered by CBAM, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. It is also designed for organizations that need robust, audit-ready emissions data for GHG Protocol, ISO 14064, TSRS, the Turkish Sustainability Reporting Standards, CDP, and related reporting frameworks.

Voltfox is primarily a cloud-based software as a service platform. While it provides technical support for methodology documentation, audit preparation, and implementation, its core focus is to provide a powerful and reliable software and data infrastructure for managing electricity-related emissions data.

No. Voltfox works as a technical data layer that supports in-house ESG teams, sustainability consultants, and independent auditors. While your consultant or internal team continues to manage the overall reporting strategy, Voltfox makes electricity-related Scope 2 emissions calculations more traceable, transparent, and defensible.

Scope 2 emissions are the indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation of purchased or externally supplied electricity, heat, steam, or cooling consumed by an organization. For most businesses, electricity consumption is the largest source of Scope 2 emissions.

The location-based calculation method is based on the emissions intensity of the physical grid from which electricity is consumed. In simple terms, it gives a technical answer to the question: "What was the carbon intensity of the relevant electricity grid at the moment the facility consumed electricity?"

An hourly emission factor is a dynamic value that represents the carbon intensity of the electricity grid during a specific hour of the day. Because the mix of generation sources on the grid, such as solar, wind, coal, and natural gas, changes continuously throughout the day, some hours have lower carbon intensity while others have higher carbon intensity.

Annual averages reduce the grid's continuously changing conditions over a full year into a single fixed value. This can make the real consumption performance and grid advantages of strategic clean-energy hours invisible.

No. Hourly calculation is not a formula that automatically reduces emissions. It is a more precise measurement method that reflects actual conditions. Results depend on exactly when electricity was consumed and under which grid conditions. Therefore, the result may be lower than, similar to, or sometimes higher than an annual-average calculation.

A result can be accepted only when it can be explained through a strong data infrastructure. Voltfox brings together consumption timing, facility location, reporting period, the specific emission factors used, and the calculation methodology, making the results fully traceable and auditable.

The location-based method considers the physical emissions intensity of the grid where consumption takes place.

The market-based method is based on contractual instruments such as power purchase agreements, supplier-specific emission factors, or energy attribute certificates such as I-REC and Guarantees of Origin.

The two methods answer structurally different questions and may be assessed together depending on the reporting framework used.

Voltfox enables more precise and traceable calculation of electricity-related Scope 2 emissions in line with international standards. Facility consumption data, geographic locations, hourly grid emission factors, and methodological explanations are combined into a clear, audit-ready report output.

Yes. ISO 14064 provides a rigorous framework for quantifying and reporting greenhouse gas emissions at the organizational level. Voltfox directly supports this process by calculating electricity-related indirect emissions, creating a transparent audit trail, and preparing methodology documentation.

Under TSRS, the Turkish Sustainability Reporting Standards, companies are expected to disclose their Scope 2 emissions and explain the emission factors used in their calculations in a transparent and understandable way. Voltfox strengthens the data foundation of these corporate disclosures by clarifying the direct link between electricity consumption, location, emission factors, and calculation methodology.

Rather than directly mandating one specific emission factor, TSRS expects companies to disclose the source of the factors they use and to select reliable data that best reflects their actual activities. This approach provides a strong methodological basis for hourly and location-based dynamic calculations.

Yes. Voltfox's core objective is not only to produce a final emissions score, but also to create a transparent audit trail showing every step behind that score. Auditors can review raw consumption data, time intervals, location boundaries, emission factors used, and calculation algorithms through the platform.

A lower result by itself does not create a risk. The real risk is being unable to explain the result with verifiable data and an accepted methodology. For this reason, Voltfox positions itself not as a promise to "artificially lower emissions," but as an accurate, audit-ready calculation infrastructure that reflects reality as precisely as possible.

Voltfox calculates the indirect emissions linked to electricity consumed in the production processes of CBAM-covered producers in a traceable way and in line with international regulatory expectations. It matches electricity consumption for CBAM-covered goods with supplied renewable electricity at an hourly level and supports CBAM-aligned reporting. This helps companies optimize and potentially reduce CBAM certificate costs and carbon-related liabilities.

Default values are standard reference values applied by the EU when real and verifiable emissions data for a facility or product cannot be provided. When companies cannot prove their actual low-carbon performance with data, they may face significant financial liabilities and a loss of competitiveness due to these higher default values.

Actual emissions are emissions calculated directly from a facility's own real activity data rather than from broad regional or sectoral assumptions. In the CBAM context, this means a transparent data model using specific production processes, time-resolved electricity consumption, and verifiable emission factors.

Under CBAM, indirect emissions are calculated by multiplying the amount of electricity consumed during the production of the covered good by the relevant electricity emission factor. Whether the general country grid factor or a facility-specific actual electricity emission factor can be used depends on the specific conditions set by the regulation.

The use of an actual electricity emission factor is subject to conditions such as having a direct physical or technical connection between the electricity generation source and the production facility, or having a power purchase agreement between producer and consumer that complies with regulatory rules. Product type, reporting period, and contract structure should be carefully analyzed in this context.

Generally, no. Guarantees of Origin, I-REC, or similar energy attribute certificates may not, on their own, guarantee the use of an actual electricity emission factor. In CBAM processes, power purchase agreements, direct technical connections, contractual conditions, and the hourly relationship between production and consumption are assessed as a whole.

It is necessary to officially prove which generation period, renewable source, and emission factor the consumed electricity is associated with. Hourly matching provides a technical basis accepted by regulatory logic for answering: "How much electricity was consumed at which hour, and what real-time carbon intensity of the grid or source was associated with that consumption?"

No. The actual emissions approach creates a strategic advantage only if your facility's real carbon performance is better than the penalizing default values set under CBAM. Voltfox does not assume this advantage automatically. It measures and analyzes it precisely using your existing raw data and makes it reportable where such an advantage exists.

To start the process, it is generally sufficient to provide a list of facilities or consumption points, geographic location information, the relevant reporting period, electricity consumption data, hourly meter or AMR data if available, electricity supplier details, and information on any existing renewable energy contracts such as PPAs.

Yes. Although the highest calculation accuracy is achieved with hourly consumption data, Voltfox can perform an initial analysis using your existing monthly or periodic data. This helps make data gaps visible and guides you in improving your corporate data maturity.

No. Pilot projects and initial analyses can be started quickly by uploading Excel files, CSV files, meter outputs, invoice details, or supplier reports. ERP, AMR, or energy management system integrations can be added in later stages to enable full automation and continuous monitoring.

No. Missing data does not prevent you from starting. Voltfox identifies missing hours, inconsistent data formats, facility-level gaps, or invoice-meter mismatches in the system and provides a clear roadmap for how to address them.

Voltfox processes only the data required to calculate your company's emissions, generate corporate reports, and create a verifiable audit trail. Your data is not shared with third parties or sold for commercial purposes. It is stored in a secure environment dedicated to your organization.

Electricity consumption data and operational facility details are commercially sensitive information. Voltfox recognizes this and helps materially reduce commercial risks through strict access permissions, international cybersecurity protocols, clear data processing policies, and a mutual non-disclosure agreement signed at the beginning of the process.

This is entirely normal, and the platform analyzes the root causes of the difference. Differences usually arise from the recency of emission factors, reporting period boundaries, location definitions, data quality, or time resolution, such as monthly averages versus hourly precision. Voltfox makes these differences methodologically explainable and defensible.